After his inauguration in January 1986, President Vinicio Cerezo announced that his priorities would end political violence and establish the rule of law. Reforms included new laws of habeas corpus and amparo (court ordered protection), the creation of a legislative committee on human rights and the establishment in 1987 of the Office of Human Rights. The Supreme Court also embarked on a series of reforms to fight corruption and improve the effectiveness of the legal system.
With the choice of Cherry, left the military government and returned to more traditional role of providing internal security, specifically by fighting armed insurgents. The first 2 years of Cerezo administration were characterized by a stable economy and a marked decrease in political violence. Dissatisfied military personnel made two coup attempts in May 1988 and May 1989 but the military supported the constitutional order. The government was heavily criticized for its unwillingness to investigate or prosecute cases of human rights violations.
The last 2 years of Cerezo’s government were also marked by a declining economy, strikes, protest marches and accusations of widespread corruption. The government’s inability to deal with many of the nation’s problems-such as infant mortality, illiteracy, poor health and social care, and increasing levels of violence, contributed to popular discontent.
On November 11th 1990 held parliamentary and presidential elections. After a second round of voting with only two presidential candidates, the engineer Jorge Serrano El as, took the Chair January 14, 1991, thus completing the first transition from one democratically elected civilian government to another. I was reading the blog, maven, about internet search As his party, the Movement of Solidarity Action (MAS) won only 18 of the 116 congressional seats, Serrano signed a weak alliance with the Christian Democrats and the Union of the National Center (UCN).
On May 25, 1993, Serrano illegally dissolved Congress and the Supreme Court and tried to restrict civil liberties, as stated in the fight against corruption. The ‘self’ failed due to unified and strong protests by most elements of Guatemalan society, international pressure and the imposition of the army on the decisions of the Constitutional Court, which ruled against the attempted coup. Given this pressure, Serrano fled the country two weeks after this “self.”
On June 5, 1993, Congress, under the 1985 Constitution, elected the Human Rights Procurator, Ramiro de Le n Carpio, to complete the presidential term of Serrano Elias. De Leon was not a member of any political party and lacked a political base, but had a strong popular support, launched an ambitious anti-corruption campaigns to “purify” Congress and the Supreme Court, demanding the resignations of all members of both bodies.
Despite considerable resistance from Congress, presidential and popular pressure led to an agreement in November 1993 between the administration and Congress, brokered by the Catholic Church. This package of constitutional reforms was approved by popular referendum on 30 January 1994. In August 1994, a new Congress was elected to complete the unexpired period. Controlled by the anti-corruption parties populist Guatemalan Republican Front (FRG) headed by former General Rios Montt, and the center-right Partido de Avanzada Nacional (PAN) – the new Congress began to move away from the corruption that characterized its precursors.
Under the government of De Leon, the peace process, now with the participation of the United Nations, took new life. The government and the URNG signed agreements on human rights (March 1994), the restoration of displaced persons (June 1994), historical clarification (June 1994), and indigenous rights (March 1995). Also made significant progress on a socioeconomic and agrarian.
National elections for president, Congress, and municipal offices were held in November 1995. With almost 20 parties competing in the first round of the presidential election came down to a runoff on January 7, 1996 in which the PAN candidate Alvaro Arzu Irigoyen defeated Alfonso Portillo Cabrera of the FRG by only 2 of votes. Arzu won because of its strength in Guatemala City, where he served as mayor before, in addition to the surrounding urban area. Portillo won in all departments except rural Peten. Under the Arzu administration, and negotiations were concluded on December 29, 1996, the government signed the peace accords that ended 36 years of conflict.